بهینه سازی فرآیند تولید بیوگاز از مخلوط کود دامی و پسماند کدوی آجیلی با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ (RSM)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
دفع و انباشت پسماند کشاورزی و دامی در محیط می­تواند باعث ایجاد آلودگی­ های زیست­ محیطی شود. سالانه حجم بسیار بالایی از فضولات دامی و انواع پسماند محصولات کشاورزی در کشور تولید می ­شود که می ­تواند به ­عنوان پتانسیلی بالقوه برای تولید بیوگاز به آن توجه شود و علاوه بر تولید انرژی، سبب دفع مناسب پسماند و کاهش آلودگی شود. از این رو، در تحقیق حاضر فرآیند تولید بیوگاز از ترکیب کود دامی و پسماند کدوی آجیلی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. کدوی آجیلی محصولی است که صرفاً برای استخراج دانه آن تولید می­ شود و قسمت عمده محصول به ­عنوان پسماند دفع می­ شود. آزمایشات با استفاده از سه نسبت ترکیب پسماند کدو به­ کود گاوی ( 10:90، 20:80، 30:70) در دو غلظت متفاوت خوراک (ترکیب 1:1 و 1:2 پسماند با آب) در هاضم­ های یک لیتری شیشه ­ای به ­صورت نا­پیوسته انجام شد. برای بهینه سازی فرآیند از روش سطح پاسخ و آزمایش فاکتوریل کامل در سه تکرار استفاده شد. نرم ­افزار Design Expert 12 برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ های حاصل از آزمایشات مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تاثیر غلظت خوراک بر میزان بیوگاز تولیدی در سطح احتمال 1­% و تاثیر نسبت ترکیب در سطح احتمال 5­% معنی ­دار هستند اما اثر متقابل آن­ها فاقد تاثیر معنی ­دار است. ارتباط بین تولید بیوگاز با متغیرهای غلظت خوراک و نسبت ترکیب به­ شکل معادله رگرسیونی ارائه شد. نسبت ترکیب 10:90 و غلظت خوراک با ترکیب 1:2 پسماند با آب به­ عنوان مقادیر بهینه متغیر­ها تعیین شدند که منجر به ­تولید بیشینه بیوگاز به ­مقدار ml/day 5267/93 می ­شوند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of Biogas Production from Co-digestion of Livestock Manure and Pumpkin Waste using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parisa Jahangir Moghadam
  • Samira Zareei
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Disposal of agricultural waste and livestock manure in the environment can cause pollution. Annually, a very large volume of animal waste and various types of agricultural wastes is produced, which could be considered as a potential for biogas production. Such an energy production causes proper disposal of waste and reduce pollution. Therefore, in this study, biogas production from the combination of livestock manure and pumpkin waste was investigated. Pumpkin is produced solely to extract its seeds and most of the product is useless and disposed of as waste. The experiments were performed using three ratios of pumpkin waste to cow manure (10:90, 20:80, 30:70) at two different concentrations (1:1 and 1:2 combination of the waste with water) in 1 liter batch reactors. To optimize the process, the response surface methodology (RSM) and full factorial experiment in three replications were used. Design Expert 12 software was used to analyze the experimental data. The results showed that the effect of waste concentration on the amount of produced biogas and the effect of composition ratio are significant at the level of 1% and 5% probability, respectively, but their interaction is not significant. The relationship between biogas production with feed concentration variables and composition ratios was presented in the form of a regression equation. The ratio of 10:90 and the feed concentration with the ratio of 1:2 were determined as the optimal feed, which lead to the maximum production of biogas at the amount of 93.5267 ml/day.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Anaerobic digestion
  • Composition ratio
  • Concentration
  • Full factorial
  • Retention time
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