برآورد تعداد ماشین‌های کشاورزی مورد نیاز تولید برنج بر پایه شاخص‌های مکانیزاسیون در نواحی شرقی و غربی استان گیلان

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران.

2 موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

3 مرکز آموزش عالی امام خمینی (ره)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور آگاهی از وضعیت موجود مکانیزاسیون به شاخص‌ها و معیارهای تعریف شده و معنی‌داری نیاز است. شناخت و ارزیابی این شاخص‌ها، می‌تواند در برآورد صحیح تعداد ماشین و انجام به‌موقع عملیات کشاورزی استفاده کرد. در این مطالعه، با جمع‌آوری اطلاعات و داده‌ها از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه و با مراجعه به منابع آماری موجود، شاخص‌های تعیین‌کننده وضعیت مکانیزاسیون برنج (شامل؛ درجه، سطح و ظرفیت مکانیزاسیون، سطح اجرایی)، روزهای کاری و بازده مزرعه‌ای محاسبه شد. تعداد ماشین‌های کشاورزی موردنیاز برای انجام عملیات مکانیزه در مراحل مختلف از تولید برنج با استفاده از روش فرصت زمانی برآورد گردید. نتایج نشان داد، در نواحی شرقی و غربی به ترتیب؛ درجه مکانیزاسیون 8/74 و 9/66 درصد، سطح مکانیزاسیون 95/3 و 54/3 اسب‌بخار بر هکتار، متوسط ظرفیت مکانیزاسیون 48/390 و 80/391 اسب‌بخار-ساعت بر هکتار بود. همچنین بطور متوسط در نواحی شرقی و غربی به ترتیب به ازای هر 29 و 27 هکتار یک تراکتور، 3 و 4 هکتار یک تیلر، 29 و 25 هکتار یک نشاکار، 81 و 189 هکتار یک وجین کن و هر 39 و 77 هکتار یک کمباین موجود است. تعداد ماشین‌های موجود نواحی شرقی در خاک‌ورزی 5/81، نشاکاری 5/2، سمپاشی 71 و برداشت 5/38 درصد بیشتر و در وجین 9 درصد کمتر و نواحی غربی در خاک‌ورزی 6/80، نشاکاری 9/15، سمپاشی 8/70، وجین 3/42 و برداشت 5/51 درصد بیشتر از تعداد برآورد شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of the number of agricultural machines required for rice production based on mechanization indexes in the eastern and western regions of Guilan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roohollah Yousefi 1
  • Alireza Allameh 2
  • Morteza Sedaghat Hosseini 3
1 Assistant Professor, Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran.
2 Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Rasht, Iran
3 Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To realize the current state of mechanization, defined and meaningful indices and standards are needed. Evaluation of these indices can be used for correct estimation and optimal use of agricultural machines. In this study, by collecting data through questionnaires and available statistical sources, the indices determining the status of rice mechanization (including the degree, level and capacity of mechanization, executive level), working days and farm productivity were calculated. The number of agricultural machines needed to perform mechanized operations in different stages of rice production were estimated using the time opportunity method. The results showed that in the eastern and western regions the degree of mechanization was 74.8 and 66.9%, the level of mechanization was 3.95 and 3.54 horsepower per hectare, the average mechanization capacity was 390.48 and 391.80 horsepower per hectare, respectively. Also, there were a tractor for every 29 and 27 hectares, a tiller for 3 and 4 hectares, a transplanter for 29 and 25 hectares, a weeder for 81 and 189 hectares, and a combine for every 39 and 77 hectares, on average. The number of machines available in the eastern regions in tillage are 81.5%, Transplanting 2.5%, spraying 71%, and harvesting 38.5% more and in weeding 9% less than the estimated number. the number of machines available in the western regions in tillage are 80.6%, Transplanting 15.9%, spraying 70.8%, weeding 42.3% and harvesting 51.5 % more than the estimated number.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Executive level
  • Field Efficiency
  • Operation
  • Time opportunity
  • Working days

مراجع

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مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی
دوره 9، شماره 1
فروردین 1403
صفحه 41-52

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 دی 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 شهریور 1403

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