بررسی اثر روش آبیاری بر شاخص‌های انرژی و زیست‌محیطی تولید بادام در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی ماشین‌های کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی ماشین‌های کشاورزی - دانشکده کشاورزی - دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی - دانشگاه تهران – کرج - ایران

3 گروه مهندسی ماشین های کشاورزی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج ایران

4 گروه مهندسی آبیاری‌ و آبادانی - دانشکده کشاورزی - دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی - دانشگاه تهران – کرج - ایران

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر با توجه به محدودیت منابع آب، رویکرد استفاده از سامانه‌های آبیاری تحت‌فشار از اولویت‌های برنامه‌های کشاورزی بوده است. اگرچه استفاده از سامانه‌های آبیاری تحت‌فشار باعث افزایش کارایی مصرف آب می‌شود، با این وجود این سامانه‌ها از منظر مصرف انرژی و پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی کمتر موردتوجه قرار گرفته است. لذا، هدف از این پژوهش بررسی شاخص‌های انرژی و زیست‌محیطی تولید بادام تحت سامانه‌های آبیاری سطحی و تحت‌فشار در باغات بادام شهرستان‌های شهرکرد و سامان، استان چهارمحال و بختیاری بود. داده‌های این مطالعه شامل اطلاعات مربوط به نهاده‌ها و انرژی مصرف شده در باغات با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه جمع‌آوری گردید. نتایج نشان داد عملکرد تولید مغز بادام در دو سامانه آبیاری تفاوت معنی‌داری ندارد. بررسی نتایج مصرف آب در دو سامانه نشان داد سامانه آبیاری تحت‌فشار در حدود 82% نسبت به سامانه آبیاری سطحی آب کمتری مصرف می‌کند، در حالی که مصرف انرژی در سامانه آبیاری تحت‌فشار حدود 12% بیشتر از سامانه آبیاری سطحی محاسبه شد. شاخص نسبت انرژی در سامانه تحت‌فشار و سطحی به ترتیب برابر 04/2 و 40/2 محاسبه شد که حاکی از شرایط بهتر سامانه سطحی از نظر شاخص‌های انرژی دارد، با این وجود بررسی شاخص‌های‌زیست محیطی در تولید بادام نشان داد که استفاده از سامانه آبیاری تحت‌فشار باعث کاهش آسیب به محیط زیست می‌شود

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effect of irrigation method on energy and environmental indicators of almond production in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Ghasemi-Mobtaker 1
  • Zahra Heidarpour 2
  • Majid Khanali 3
  • Abdolmajid Liaghat 4
1 Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Drpartment of Agricultural machinery engineeing College of Agriculture , University college of agriculture abd natural resources, University of Tehran Karaj Iran
4 Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, due to the limitation of water resources, the use of pressured irrigation methods has received much attention. Although the use of pressurized irrigation systems increases the water productivity, these systems have received less attention in terms of energy use and environmental aspects. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the energy and environmental indicators of almond orchards under surface and pressured irrigation methods in Shahr-e Kord and Saman region of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The required data, including information about inputs and energy consumed in almond orchards, were collected using questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. No significant difference was observed regarding the performance of almond production in the two mentioned irrigation systems. Examining the results of water consumption in two systems showed that the pressured irrigation system consumes about 82% less water than the surface irrigation system, while the energy consumption in this system was about 12% more than the surface irrigation system. Energy ratio of almond production in surface irrigation systems was computed as 2.40, while the corresponding value in pressured system was 2.07. In other words, surface irrigation had better conditions in terms of energy indicators. The investigation of the environmental indicators of two irrigation systems showed that the use of the pressured irrigation system reduces the environmental damage

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Almonds
  • Energy indices
  • Irrigation systems
  • Life cycle assessment
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