بررسی شاخص‎های انرژی و اثر زیست‌محیطی پرورش ماهی قزل‌آلا در استان ایلام

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف تعیین شاخص های انرژی و اثرات زیست محیطی در فرآیند  پرورش ماهی در استان ایلام صورت گرفت. آب و هوای مناسب و وجود چشمه های آب سرد در کوهستان های استان ایلام باعث رونق پرورش ماهی در این استان شده است. اطلاعات مورد نیاز به روش پرسش نامه ای و مصاحبه به دست آمد و سپس انرژی های ورودی و خروجی و شاخص‌های انرژی و زیست محیطی به روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات و با استفاده از نرم افزار سیماپرو  محاسبه شد.  نتایج نشان داد که کل انرژی ورودی به ازای تولید یک تن ماهی سردآبی (ماهی قزلآلا رنگینکمان) برابر 7/44618 مگاژول می باشد. خوراک ماهی پروار با  61/38 درصد بیشترین سهم انرژی در تولید ماهی قزلآلارنگینکمان را به خود اختصاص داد. شاخص­های نسبت انرژی، بهره­وری انرژی، شدت انرژی، و افزوده خالص انرژی به ترتیب برابر با 1784/0، kg/MJ 02214/0، MJ/kg 61/44، MJ/ton 7/36658-  محاسبه شد. در مزارع پرورش ماهیان سردآبی سهم انرژی مستقیم، غیرمستقیم، تجدیدپذیر، و تجدید ناپذیر به ترتیب برابر 16/42، 83/57، 15/77، و 84/22 درصد بود. پس از نرمال‌سازی شاخص‌های زیست‌محیطی مشخص شد که در تولید ماهی،  شاخص سمیت آب‌های آزاد و پس از آن شاخص‌های تخلیه منابع فسیلی، پتاسیل اسیدی شدن، گرمایش جهانی و اختناق دریاچه‌ای نسبت به سایر گروه‌های اثر دارای مقادیر بیشتری بودند. بیشترین بارهای محیطی در مزارع پرورش ماهی از جانب فرآیند تولید بچه ماهی، خوراک، الکتریسیته، سوخت نفت، سولفات مس می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the energy consumption indicators and environmental effect of the trout ponds in Ilam province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kobra Heidarbeigi 1
  • Naz-Afarin Sheikhi 2
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the energy and indicators and environmental effects in the process of fish farming in Ilam province. The suitable climate and the existence of cold-water springs in the mountains of Ilam province have caused the prosperity of fish farming in this province. The required information was obtained through questionnaires and interviews and then the input and output energies and energy indicators energy and environmental indicators were calculated using the life cycle assessment method and using Simapro software. The results showed that the total input energy per one ton of coldwater fish (rainbow trout) was 44618.7MJ. Growth feed trout (GFT) with a share of 38.61 % had the highest energy consumer input in the production of rainbow trout. The amount of energy ratio, energy efficiency, energy intensity, and net energy gain indicators in cold-water fish production was 0.1784, 0.0214 kg/MJ, 44.61 MJ/kg, and -36658.7 MJ/ton, respectively. In coldwater fish farms, the share of direct, indirect, renewable, and nonrenewable energy was 42.16, 57.83, 77.15, and 22.84 %, respectively. After normalization of environmental indicators, it was found that in fish production, marine aquatic ecotoxicity index and then fossil resource depletion, acidification, global warming and eutrophication indices have the highest amount of environmental pollutants. The biggest environmental burdens in fish farms are from the process of producing fry, feed, electricity, oil fuel, copper sulfate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fish farming
  • Energy indicators
  • Environment
  • Environmental pollutants
  • Life cycle assessment
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