بررسی اثر سوپرجاذب بر روی رفتار تراکمی خاک با استفاده از آزمایش فشردگی محصور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

2 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینای همدان، همدان، ایران

چکیده

اصلاح و بهسازی خاک‌ها به‌عنوان امری اجتناب ناپذیر نقش مهمی در کشاورزی دارد و اجرای روش‌های نوین خاک‌ورزی و افزودن برخی از مواد افزودنی نظیر سوپرجاذب، به‌منظور استفاده بهینه از آب در کشاورزی دیم برای افزایش عملکرد محصولات زراعی از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. پلیمرهای سوپرجاذب ترکیباتی آلی هستند که قادرند تا چندین برابر حجم یا وزن خود آب جذب کنند بدون آن که ساختار فیزیکی آن‌ها تغییر کند. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تنش پیش-تراکمی به‌عنوان معیاری از مقاومت به تراکم خاک در حضور پلیمرهای سوپرجاذب است. در این پژوهش، تنش پیش-تراکمی با استفاده از آزمایش فشردگی محصور(CCT) تعیین گردید. آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی و با سه تکرار روی نمونه‌های با رطوبت 15 % و 10 % و چگالی4/1، 5/1 و 6/1 در پنج سطح 0، 1، 2، 3 و 4 گرم پلیمر در هر کیلو‌گرم خاک انجام گرفت. نتایج آزمایشات نشان داد که با افزایش مقدار سوپرجاذب، تنش پیش-تراکمی و شاخص تراکم افزایش یافته و بیشترین مقدار تاثیرگذاری سوپرجاذب در سه درصد وزنی آن است که رطوبت مناسب برای زراعت را ایجاد می‌کند. در هر دو رطوبت 10 و 15 درصد بیشترین تنش پیش-تراکمی معادل 8/2 بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Superabsorbent on Compaction Behavior of Soil Using Confined Compression Test

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nazanin Sharifi 1
  • mojtaba jaberimoeaz 2
1 Department of Bio-System Engineering Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamadan, Iran
2 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Agricultural soils improvement and amendment has an inevitable importance. Implementing new tillage methods and using some additives such as superabsorbent, in order to optimally use water in rainfed farms to increase the yield of crops, has particular importance in this relation. Superabsorbent polymers are organic compounds that can absorb water several times their volume or weight without changing their physical structure. This research aims to investigate pre-compaction stress as a measure of the resistance of soil compaction in the presence of superabsorbent polymers. In this research, the pre-compaction stress was determined using the confined compression test (CCT). The factorial experiment was carried out in the form of a completely random design with three replications on the samples with humidity of 15% and 10% and density of 1.4, 1.5, and 1.6 at five levels of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 grams of polymer per kilogram of soil. The results of the tests showed that with the increase in the amount of superabsorbent, pre-compaction stress and compaction index increased. The maximum effective amount of superabsorbent is three percent by weight, which creates moisture suitable for agricultural products. In both humidity of 10 and 15%, the highest pre-compaction stress was equal to 2.8.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil compaction
  • Confined compression test
  • pre-compaction stress
  • superabsorbent
  • density index
Abedi-koupai, J., Sohrab, F., and Swarbrick, G. (2008). Evaluation of hydrogel application on soil water retention characteristics. Journal of plant nutrition, 31:317-331.
Aghilinategh, N., Hemmat, A., Sadeghi, M. (2011). Assessing procedures of Estimating Pre-compaction Stress of Soil Amended with Organic Manures Using Data from Plate Sinkage and Confined Compression Tests, Journal of Hydrology and Soil Science, 15(1): 183. Magiran.com/p879740. (In Persian).
Akhter, J., Mahmood, K., Malik, K. A., Mardan, A., Ahmad, M. and Iqbal, M. M. (2004). Effects of hydrogel amendment on water storage of sandy loam and loam soils and seedling growth of barley, wheat and chickpea. Plant Soil Environmental. 50(10): Pp: 463- 469.
Azizvand, E., Sabbaghe Taze, E., & Haji Rasouli, M. (2020). Super Absorbent Polymer Effects on some Chemical and Physical Properties of Soil and Nutrients Releasing from Manure in Different Humidity Levels. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 22(10): 193-205. (In Persian).
Casagrande, A. (1936). The determination of preconsolidation load and tis practical significance. International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. 22-26 June, Cambridge, MA, Vol. 3, pp. 60-64.
De Barros, A. F., Pimentel, L. D., Araujo, E. F. (2017). Superabsorbent polymer application in seeds and planting furrow: It will be a new opportunity for rainfed agriculture. Semina: CIencias Agrarias, 38(4): 1703–1714.
Ebrahimi, E., Sadeghi, S., Jorreh, M., Zanganeh, M., Fallah, M. (2016). Using compression curve characteristics to estimate water content by the van Genuchten model. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research. 47(2): 217-228. Magiran.com/p1572454. (In Persian).  
Jafari, A., Jaberi Moeaz, M., Keyhani, A. (2017). Investigation of agricultural soil shear strength under the freezing and thawing process. Iranian Journal of Biosystems Engineering. 48(3):255-261. Magiran.com/p1752059. (In Persian).  
Kesleman, H. J., Othman, A.R., and Wilcox, R.R. (2016). Generalized linear model analyses for treatment group equality when data are non-normal. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods. 15(1): 32-61.
Moradian, M., Maleki, A., Alinejadian, A. (2019). The Effect of Super Absorbent Polymer A, Perlite, and Zeolite on Physical Properties of Sandy Loam Soil. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research. 50(5): 1219-1230. Magiran.com/p2032012. (In Persian).  
Nawaz, M. F., Bourrie, G., & Trolard, F. (2013). Soil compaction impact and modelling. A review. Agronomy for sustainable development 33(2): 291-309.
Ebrahimipak, A., Khodadadi Dehkordi, D., Egdernezhad, A. (2017). Effect of water stress and superabsorbent on soil and corn crop. Journal of Water and Irrigation Management. 7(1): 59-72. Magiran.com/p1810831. (In Persian).  
Sivarajan, S., Maharlooei, M., Bajwa, S. G., & Nowatzki, J. (2018). Impact of soil compaction due to wheel traffic on corn and soybean growth, development and yield. Soil and Tillage Research 175: 234-24.
Wallace, C. W., Flangan, D. C., & Engel, B. A.(2017). Quantifying the effects of conservation practice implementation on predicted runoff and chemical losses under climate change. Agricultural water management 186: 51-65.