اثر سرعت پیشروی و موقعیت حفاظ خاک روتیواتور روی زبری سطح خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
دست‌یابی به منضمات کارآمد ادوات خاک‌ورز در اجرای شخم نرخ متغیر در حین حرکت از چالش‌های پیش رو است. تغییر موقعیت حفاظ خاک روتیواتور به‌طور خوکار می‌تواند این ابزار خاک‌ورز را برای اجرای شخم نرخ متغیر آماده کند. به این منظور یک سامانه الکترو-هیدرولیک با استفاده از یک مدار کنترل حلقه بسته و نیروی هیدرولیک تراکتور برای ایجاد زبری­های مختلف به­وسیله تغییر موقعیت حفاظ خاک روتیواتور مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 4×3 با طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار، اثر سرعت پیشروی و موقعیت‌ حفاظ خاک بر عدد زبری تصادفی (RR) سطح خاک شخم خورده به‌وسیله روتیواتور بررسی شد. میانگین RR ایجاد شده در اثر سرعت‌های پیشروی 6/2، 5/3 و 8/4 کیلومتر بر ساعت به ترتیب 32/1، 91/1 و 61/2 سانتی‌متر و در سه موقعیت حفاظ خاک صفر، 40 و 80 درجه به ترتیب 43/1، 94/1 و 46/2 سانتی‌متر به‌دست آمد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر سرعت پیشروی و موقعیت حفاظ خاک بر شاخص زبری تصادفی در سطح احتمال 1 % معنادار است. بنابراین می‌توان اظهار داشت که درصورت کنترل بلادرنگ دو فاکتور سرعت پیشروی و یا موقعیت حفاظ خاک روتیواتور و استفاده از شاخص RR به‌عنوان سیگنال بازخورد کنترل، می‌توان از این وسیله در اجرای شخم نرخ متغیر بهره جست.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Travel Speed and the Position of Rotary Tiller Hood on Soil Surface Roughness

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Mohammadi
  • , Mohammad Reza Maleki
  • Jalal Khodaei
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Availability of efficient attachments on tillage implements is one of the challenges in variable-rate tilling concept. Reposition of the rotary tiller’s soil hood automatically makes it a practical tool for variable rate plowing. In this study, an electro-hydraulic system using a closed-loop control circuitry and the tractor hydraulic power was utilized to create different roughness by soil hood reposition. The effect of travel speed and soil hood position in creating random roughness (RR) of the resulting soil surface was investigated using a completely randomized design and a 3×4 factorial experiment in 3 replications. The average RR created by the travel speeds of 2.6, 3.5, and 4.8 km/h were 1.32, 1.91, and 2.61 cm, respectively. Similarly, the average of RR created using three soil hood positions of 0, 40, and 80 degrees were 1.43, 1.94, and 2.46 cm, respectively. The analysis of variance showed that the effects of travel speed and soil hood position on random roughness index were significant at the probability level of 1%. Therefore, it can be stated that in the case of real-time control of these two factors and using the RR index as a control feedback signal, a rotary tiller can be implemented to perform variable rate tilling.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Pin Meter
  • Spatial variability
  • Precision Tillage
  • Soil Surface Roughness
  • Precision Agriculture
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