مدل سازی و بهینه سازی کیفیت برداشت و انرژی مصرفی دروگر استوانه‌ای در برداشت یونجه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
یونجه یکی از گیاهان علوفه‌ای وازاصلی‌ترین موادغذایی جهت تغذیه دام است وطبق آمار­های موجود، سطحی معادل چهار درصد از کل سطح زیر کشت کشور به ­کشت این محصول اختصاص دارد. با توجه به اینکه یونجه درطول دوره‌ رشد خود دارای چندینبرداشت است، لذا دروگر­ها دارای اهمیت ویژه‌ای برای کشاورزان هستند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر، ارزیابی و بهینه ­سازی عملکرد دروگر استوانه‌ای است که با طراحی دو نوع تیغه جدید و بررسی تاثیر نوع تیغه، سرعت پیشروی تراکتور و سرعت دورانی تیغه‌ها بر روی پارامترهای یاز جمله میزان سوخت مصرفی، ارتفاع برش، افت برداشت و شاخص آسیب انجام می ­گیرد. تیغه‌های مدل‌سازی شده در محیط نرم‌افزار‌ Solid Works طراحی و در نرم‌افزار Ansys تحلیل تنش شدند. تجزیه‌ داده‌ﻫـﺎی آزﻣـﺎﯾﺶ با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ و نرم‌افزار  Design Expertانجام شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که سرعت پیشروی، سرعت دورانی تیغه و اثر متقابل سرعت پیشروی×سرعت دورانی تأثیر معنی‌دار بر مصرف سوخت تراکتور داشتند، اما نوع تیغه و دیگر اثرات متقابل پارامتر­ها اثر معنی‌داری بر مصرف سوخت تراکتور نداشت. همچنین هیچ­یک از پارامترهای مستقل تأثیر معنی‌داری بر ارتفاع برش، افت برداشت و شاخص آسیب نداشتند. ارتباط بین متغیرهای مستقل و وابسته به شکل معادلات رگرسیونی مدل‌سازی شد و مقادیر بهینه برای سرعت پیشروی برابر با 15 کیلومتر بر ساعت، برای سرعت دورانی 1596 دور در دقیقه و برای طول لبه برنده تیغه مقدار 15/6 سانتیمتر برآورد شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling and Optimizing Harvested Product Quality and Energy Consumption of Cylindrical Mower in Alfalfa Harvesting

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaser Karimi 1
  • Jalal Khodaei 2
  • Samira Zareei 2
1 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Alfalfa is one of the main forage plants used for animal feed. Four percent of the total cultivated area in Iran is dedicated to this crop. Due to the fact that alfalfa has several harvests during its growth period, mowers have a special role for farmers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and optimize the performance of cylindrical mower by designing two new blade types, and investigating the effect of blade type, forward speed and blade rotational speed on parameters such as fuel consumption, cutting height, harvest loss and damage index. The modeled blades were designed in Solidworks software environment and the force stresses were analyzed in Ansys software. Data analysis was performed using response surface method and Design Expert 12 software. The results of analysis of variance showed that the forward speed, blade rotational speed and the interaction between forward speed and rotational speed had a significant effect on tractor fuel consumption. But blade length and other mutual effects ofthis factor had no significant effect on tractor fuel consumption. Also, none of the independent parameters had any significant effect on cutting height, harvest loss and damage index. The relationship between independent and dependent variables was modeled in the form of regression equations. The optimal value for forward speed was 15 km/h, for rotational speed was 1596 rpm and for the blade lengh was 6.15 cm.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords:Forward speed
  • Fuel consumption
  • Mower Harvester
  • Response surface method
  • Rotational speed
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