اثر ژنوتیپ، رطوبت، سرعت و راستای بارگذاری روی کیفیت (خردشدگی) مغز حاصل از شکستن گردو

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

چکیده 
در این تحقیق پارامترهای موثر بر کیفیت (خردشدگی) مغز حاصل از شکستن گردو تحت بار فشاری شبه ­استاتیک مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. آزمایش­ها روی ژنوتیپ­های موجود گردو در ایران انجام پذیرفت. بدین منظور سه ژنوتیپ مختلف از گردوهای باغ­های شهرستان آذرشهر انتخاب و از محصول تولیدی این ژنوتیپ­ها استفاده شد. از دستگاه آزمون یونیورسال هانسفیلد  برای انجام آزمون­های فشار استفاده شد. آزمون­های فشار به­ صورت فاکتوریل با چهار فاکتور در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با پنج تکرار انجام پذیرفت. اثر فاکتورهای ژنوتیپ، رطوبت، راستای اعمال نیرو و سرعت بارگذاری روی کیفیت مغز حاصل از شکستن گردو بررسی گردید. ارزیابی شکستن گردو با استفاده از معیارهای تعریف شده انجام شد و کیفیت (خردشدگی) مغز استخراجی بدست آمد. افزایش محتوای رطوبتی، درصد مغزهای شکسته را کاهش و درصد مغزهای سالم و درجه کیفیت مغزهای شکسته را افزایش داد. با افزایش سرعت بارگذاری، درصد مغزهای شکسته افزایش یافتند. در حالت کلی وقتی گردوها 12 ساعت داخل آب خیسانده شدند و راستای بارگذاری عرضی (Y) انتخاب شد، بهترین حالت از لحاظ کیفیت مغز به ­دست آمد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Genotype, Moisture Content, Speeds and Loading Direction on Walnut Extraction Quality

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khosro Mohammadi Ghermezgoli
  • Hamid Reza Ghassemzadeh
  • Hossein Ghaffari
Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Tabriz
چکیده [English]

Abstract
In this research, some parameters affecting walnut kernel extraction quality under impact loading were studied. The tests were carried out on the available genotypes in Iran. For this purpose, three different genotypes from walnut orchards of Azarshar city were selected and the total yield of these genotypes was collected. The universal test machine (Hounsfield) was used for the compression tests. For the impact tests, four factors were evaluated in a factorial experiment using a completely randomized design with five replications. The factors were genotype, moisture content, load direction with three levels, and compression speed (three levels), and the effect of these factors on kernel extraction quality was studied. Walnut breakage assessments and kernel extraction quality were evaluated by well-defined criteria. Generally, with increasing moisture content, the percentage of broken kernels decreased and the extraction quality grade was improved. The percentages of broken kernels increased when compression speed was increased. Generally, soaking the walnuts in water for 12 h and Y loading direction yielded the best kernel extraction quality.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Compression test
  • Evaluation
  • Kernel extraction quality
  • Walnut cracking
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