اثر فشردگی خاک بر جوانه زدن بذر برخی صیفی‌جات برای تعیین برخی پارامترهای طراحی ماشین‌های کارنده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
فشردگی خاک یک ‌شکل فیزیکی از تخریب خاک است که باعث تغییر ساختار خاک، محدود کردن نفوذ آب‌وهوا و کاهش نفوذ ریشه در خاک می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه به­ دست آوردن تراکم مناسب خاک برای سه محصول خربزه، هندوانه و خیار بود. بدین منظور عامل مستقل نوع کاشت در دو سطح کشت روی سطح خاک و خاک دادن روی آن و فشردن خاک روی بذر تا رسیدن به­ تراکم مناسب با استفاده از روش فشردگی محصور (CCT) و ایجاد بستر و سپس ایجاد حفره جهت کاشت بذر با استفاده از روش نشست صفحه‌ای و فشردگی محصور (PST+CCT) برای سه محصول فوق اعمال شد. برای محصولات از دو سطح رطوبت 15 و 5/17 درصد وزن خشک خاک و چهار سطح چگالی 3/1، 4/1، 5/1 و 6/1 (گرم بر سانتی‌متر مکعب) استفاده گردید. پارامترهای مدت‌زمان جوانه‌زنی (برحسب روز)، طول ساقه (میلی‌متر)، طول ریشه (میلی‌متر) و جرم گیاهچه با ریشه عاری از خاک (برحسب گرم) مورد اندازه‌گیری و بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که برای هر سه محصول طول ریشه در نوع کاشت روش فشردگی محصور (CCT) بیشتر از طول ریشه در نوع کاشت با روش نشست صفحه‌ای و فشردگی محصور (PST+CCT) است. همچنین در نوع کشت با آزمون نشست صفحه‌ای و فشردگی محصور (PST+CCT) برای متغیرهای طول ساقه و روز جوانه ­زدن برای همه محصولات در این نوع کشت نتیجه بهتری را نشان می‌ دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Soil Compaction on Seed Germination of Some Seedlings to Determine Some Design Parameters of Planting Machines

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Jaberimoeaz
  • Ebrahim Zinati Momtaz
Department of Bio-System Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamadan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
The soil compaction is one of the main reasons of destructing the soil which caused in changing the soil structure, limitation of air and water penetration and lower level of penetration of the root in the soil. The purpose of this study is to determine the suitable soil compaction for melon, watermelon and cucumber. The independent factor including the cultivation type in two levels of Confined Compression Test (CCT), Plate Sinkage Test and Uniaxial confined compression Test (CCT + PST) for three mentioned agricultural was considered. There were two moisture content levels of 15% and 17.5% and four levels of density including 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6 (gr/ cm–3) used for these products. Some parameters such as germination timing (day), stem length (mm), root length (mm) and seedling weight with the regular root in the soil (gram) were measured and investigated. The results revealed that the root lengths at the cultivation type of (CCT) in every three products were more than the root length of the cultivation type of (PST + CCT). Also there were better results for cultivation type of (PST + CCT) for some variables such as stem length and germination day for all studied products by his special cultivation type.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords:Compression
  • Confined Compression
  • Density
  • Moisture
  • Plate Sinkage
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